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diff --git a/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql/README.md b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql/README.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9edb7628b --- /dev/null +++ b/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,376 @@ +# Go-MySQL-Driver + +A MySQL-Driver for Go's [database/sql](http://golang.org/pkg/database/sql) package + +![Go-MySQL-Driver logo](https://raw.github.com/wiki/go-sql-driver/mysql/gomysql_m.png "Golang Gopher holding the MySQL Dolphin") + +**Latest stable Release:** [Version 1.2 (June 03, 2014)](https://github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql/releases) + +[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/go-sql-driver/mysql.png?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/go-sql-driver/mysql) + +--------------------------------------- + * [Features](#features) + * [Requirements](#requirements) + * [Installation](#installation) + * [Usage](#usage) + * [DSN (Data Source Name)](#dsn-data-source-name) + * [Password](#password) + * [Protocol](#protocol) + * [Address](#address) + * [Parameters](#parameters) + * [Examples](#examples) + * [LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE support](#load-data-local-infile-support) + * [time.Time support](#timetime-support) + * [Unicode support](#unicode-support) + * [Testing / Development](#testing--development) + * [License](#license) + +--------------------------------------- + +## Features + * Lightweight and [fast](https://github.com/go-sql-driver/sql-benchmark "golang MySQL-Driver performance") + * Native Go implementation. No C-bindings, just pure Go + * Connections over TCP/IPv4, TCP/IPv6 or Unix domain sockets + * Automatic handling of broken connections + * Automatic Connection Pooling *(by database/sql package)* + * Supports queries larger than 16MB + * Full [`sql.RawBytes`](http://golang.org/pkg/database/sql/#RawBytes) support. + * Intelligent `LONG DATA` handling in prepared statements + * Secure `LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE` support with file Whitelisting and `io.Reader` support + * Optional `time.Time` parsing + * Optional placeholder interpolation + +## Requirements + * Go 1.2 or higher + * MySQL (4.1+), MariaDB, Percona Server, Google CloudSQL or Sphinx (2.2.3+) + +--------------------------------------- + +## Installation +Simple install the package to your [$GOPATH](http://code.google.com/p/go-wiki/wiki/GOPATH "GOPATH") with the [go tool](http://golang.org/cmd/go/ "go command") from shell: +```bash +$ go get github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql +``` +Make sure [Git is installed](http://git-scm.com/downloads) on your machine and in your system's `PATH`. + +## Usage +_Go MySQL Driver_ is an implementation of Go's `database/sql/driver` interface. You only need to import the driver and can use the full [`database/sql`](http://golang.org/pkg/database/sql) API then. + +Use `mysql` as `driverName` and a valid [DSN](#dsn-data-source-name) as `dataSourceName`: +```go +import "database/sql" +import _ "github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql" + +db, err := sql.Open("mysql", "user:password@/dbname") +``` + +[Examples are available in our Wiki](https://github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql/wiki/Examples "Go-MySQL-Driver Examples"). + + +### DSN (Data Source Name) + +The Data Source Name has a common format, like e.g. [PEAR DB](http://pear.php.net/manual/en/package.database.db.intro-dsn.php) uses it, but without type-prefix (optional parts marked by squared brackets): +``` +[username[:password]@][protocol[(address)]]/dbname[?param1=value1&...¶mN=valueN] +``` + +A DSN in its fullest form: +``` +username:password@protocol(address)/dbname?param=value +``` + +Except for the databasename, all values are optional. So the minimal DSN is: +``` +/dbname +``` + +If you do not want to preselect a database, leave `dbname` empty: +``` +/ +``` +This has the same effect as an empty DSN string: +``` + +``` + +#### Password +Passwords can consist of any character. Escaping is **not** necessary. + +#### Protocol +See [net.Dial](http://golang.org/pkg/net/#Dial) for more information which networks are available. +In general you should use an Unix domain socket if available and TCP otherwise for best performance. + +#### Address +For TCP and UDP networks, addresses have the form `host:port`. +If `host` is a literal IPv6 address, it must be enclosed in square brackets. +The functions [net.JoinHostPort](http://golang.org/pkg/net/#JoinHostPort) and [net.SplitHostPort](http://golang.org/pkg/net/#SplitHostPort) manipulate addresses in this form. + +For Unix domain sockets the address is the absolute path to the MySQL-Server-socket, e.g. `/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock` or `/tmp/mysql.sock`. + +#### Parameters +*Parameters are case-sensitive!* + +Notice that any of `true`, `TRUE`, `True` or `1` is accepted to stand for a true boolean value. Not surprisingly, false can be specified as any of: `false`, `FALSE`, `False` or `0`. + +##### `allowAllFiles` + +``` +Type: bool +Valid Values: true, false +Default: false +``` + +`allowAllFiles=true` disables the file Whitelist for `LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE` and allows *all* files. +[*Might be insecure!*](http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/load-data-local.html) + +##### `allowOldPasswords` + +``` +Type: bool +Valid Values: true, false +Default: false +``` +`allowOldPasswords=true` allows the usage of the insecure old password method. This should be avoided, but is necessary in some cases. See also [the old_passwords wiki page](https://github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql/wiki/old_passwords). + +##### `charset` + +``` +Type: string +Valid Values: <name> +Default: none +``` + +Sets the charset used for client-server interaction (`"SET NAMES <value>"`). If multiple charsets are set (separated by a comma), the following charset is used if setting the charset failes. This enables for example support for `utf8mb4` ([introduced in MySQL 5.5.3](http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/charset-unicode-utf8mb4.html)) with fallback to `utf8` for older servers (`charset=utf8mb4,utf8`). + +Usage of the `charset` parameter is discouraged because it issues additional queries to the server. +Unless you need the fallback behavior, please use `collation` instead. + +##### `collation` + +``` +Type: string +Valid Values: <name> +Default: utf8_general_ci +``` + +Sets the collation used for client-server interaction on connection. In contrast to `charset`, `collation` does not issue additional queries. If the specified collation is unavailable on the target server, the connection will fail. + +A list of valid charsets for a server is retrievable with `SHOW COLLATION`. + +##### `clientFoundRows` + +``` +Type: bool +Valid Values: true, false +Default: false +``` + +`clientFoundRows=true` causes an UPDATE to return the number of matching rows instead of the number of rows changed. + +##### `columnsWithAlias` + +``` +Type: bool +Valid Values: true, false +Default: false +``` + +When `columnsWithAlias` is true, calls to `sql.Rows.Columns()` will return the table alias and the column name separated by a dot. For example: + +``` +SELECT u.id FROM users as u +``` + +will return `u.id` instead of just `id` if `columnsWithAlias=true`. + +##### `interpolateParams` + +``` +Type: bool +Valid Values: true, false +Default: false +``` + +If `interpolateParams` is true, placeholders (`?`) in calls to `db.Query()` and `db.Exec()` are interpolated into a single query string with given parameters. This reduces the number of roundtrips, since the driver has to prepare a statement, execute it with given parameters and close the statement again with `interpolateParams=false`. + +*This can not be used together with the multibyte encodings BIG5, CP932, GB2312, GBK or SJIS. These are blacklisted as they may [introduce a SQL injection vulnerability](http://stackoverflow.com/a/12118602/3430118)!* + +##### `loc` + +``` +Type: string +Valid Values: <escaped name> +Default: UTC +``` + +Sets the location for time.Time values (when using `parseTime=true`). *"Local"* sets the system's location. See [time.LoadLocation](http://golang.org/pkg/time/#LoadLocation) for details. + +Note that this sets the location for time.Time values but does not change MySQL's [time_zone setting](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/time-zone-support.html). For that see the [time_zone system variable](#system-variables), which can also be set as a DSN parameter. + +Please keep in mind, that param values must be [url.QueryEscape](http://golang.org/pkg/net/url/#QueryEscape)'ed. Alternatively you can manually replace the `/` with `%2F`. For example `US/Pacific` would be `loc=US%2FPacific`. + + +##### `parseTime` + +``` +Type: bool +Valid Values: true, false +Default: false +``` + +`parseTime=true` changes the output type of `DATE` and `DATETIME` values to `time.Time` instead of `[]byte` / `string` + + +##### `strict` + +``` +Type: bool +Valid Values: true, false +Default: false +``` + +`strict=true` enables the strict mode in which MySQL warnings are treated as errors. + +By default MySQL also treats notes as warnings. Use [`sql_notes=false`](http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-system-variables.html#sysvar_sql_notes) to ignore notes. See the [examples](#examples) for an DSN example. + + +##### `timeout` + +``` +Type: decimal number +Default: OS default +``` + +*Driver* side connection timeout. The value must be a string of decimal numbers, each with optional fraction and a unit suffix ( *"ms"*, *"s"*, *"m"*, *"h"* ), such as *"30s"*, *"0.5m"* or *"1m30s"*. To set a server side timeout, use the parameter [`wait_timeout`](http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-system-variables.html#sysvar_wait_timeout). + + +##### `tls` + +``` +Type: bool / string +Valid Values: true, false, skip-verify, <name> +Default: false +``` + +`tls=true` enables TLS / SSL encrypted connection to the server. Use `skip-verify` if you want to use a self-signed or invalid certificate (server side). Use a custom value registered with [`mysql.RegisterTLSConfig`](http://godoc.org/github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql#RegisterTLSConfig). + + +##### System Variables + +All other parameters are interpreted as system variables: + * `autocommit`: `"SET autocommit=<value>"` + * [`time_zone`](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/time-zone-support.html): `"SET time_zone=<value>"` + * [`tx_isolation`](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/server-system-variables.html#sysvar_tx_isolation): `"SET tx_isolation=<value>"` + * `param`: `"SET <param>=<value>"` + +*The values must be [url.QueryEscape](http://golang.org/pkg/net/url/#QueryEscape)'ed!* + +#### Examples +``` +user@unix(/path/to/socket)/dbname +``` + +``` +root:pw@unix(/tmp/mysql.sock)/myDatabase?loc=Local +``` + +``` +user:password@tcp(localhost:5555)/dbname?tls=skip-verify&autocommit=true +``` + +Use the [strict mode](#strict) but ignore notes: +``` +user:password@/dbname?strict=true&sql_notes=false +``` + +TCP via IPv6: +``` +user:password@tcp([de:ad:be:ef::ca:fe]:80)/dbname?timeout=90s&collation=utf8mb4_unicode_ci +``` + +TCP on a remote host, e.g. Amazon RDS: +``` +id:password@tcp(your-amazonaws-uri.com:3306)/dbname +``` + +Google Cloud SQL on App Engine: +``` +user@cloudsql(project-id:instance-name)/dbname +``` + +TCP using default port (3306) on localhost: +``` +user:password@tcp/dbname?charset=utf8mb4,utf8&sys_var=esc%40ped +``` + +Use the default protocol (tcp) and host (localhost:3306): +``` +user:password@/dbname +``` + +No Database preselected: +``` +user:password@/ +``` + +### `LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE` support +For this feature you need direct access to the package. Therefore you must change the import path (no `_`): +```go +import "github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql" +``` + +Files must be whitelisted by registering them with `mysql.RegisterLocalFile(filepath)` (recommended) or the Whitelist check must be deactivated by using the DSN parameter `allowAllFiles=true` ([*Might be insecure!*](http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/load-data-local.html)). + +To use a `io.Reader` a handler function must be registered with `mysql.RegisterReaderHandler(name, handler)` which returns a `io.Reader` or `io.ReadCloser`. The Reader is available with the filepath `Reader::<name>` then. + +See the [godoc of Go-MySQL-Driver](http://godoc.org/github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql "golang mysql driver documentation") for details. + + +### `time.Time` support +The default internal output type of MySQL `DATE` and `DATETIME` values is `[]byte` which allows you to scan the value into a `[]byte`, `string` or `sql.RawBytes` variable in your programm. + +However, many want to scan MySQL `DATE` and `DATETIME` values into `time.Time` variables, which is the logical opposite in Go to `DATE` and `DATETIME` in MySQL. You can do that by changing the internal output type from `[]byte` to `time.Time` with the DSN parameter `parseTime=true`. You can set the default [`time.Time` location](http://golang.org/pkg/time/#Location) with the `loc` DSN parameter. + +**Caution:** As of Go 1.1, this makes `time.Time` the only variable type you can scan `DATE` and `DATETIME` values into. This breaks for example [`sql.RawBytes` support](https://github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql/wiki/Examples#rawbytes). + +Alternatively you can use the [`NullTime`](http://godoc.org/github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql#NullTime) type as the scan destination, which works with both `time.Time` and `string` / `[]byte`. + + +### Unicode support +Since version 1.1 Go-MySQL-Driver automatically uses the collation `utf8_general_ci` by default. + +Other collations / charsets can be set using the [`collation`](#collation) DSN parameter. + +Version 1.0 of the driver recommended adding `&charset=utf8` (alias for `SET NAMES utf8`) to the DSN to enable proper UTF-8 support. This is not necessary anymore. The [`collation`](#collation) parameter should be preferred to set another collation / charset than the default. + +See http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/charset-unicode.html for more details on MySQL's Unicode support. + + +## Testing / Development +To run the driver tests you may need to adjust the configuration. See the [Testing Wiki-Page](https://github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql/wiki/Testing "Testing") for details. + +Go-MySQL-Driver is not feature-complete yet. Your help is very appreciated. +If you want to contribute, you can work on an [open issue](https://github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql/issues?state=open) or review a [pull request](https://github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql/pulls). + +See the [Contribution Guidelines](https://github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md) for details. + +--------------------------------------- + +## License +Go-MySQL-Driver is licensed under the [Mozilla Public License Version 2.0](https://raw.github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql/master/LICENSE) + +Mozilla summarizes the license scope as follows: +> MPL: The copyleft applies to any files containing MPLed code. + + +That means: + * You can **use** the **unchanged** source code both in private and commercially + * When distributing, you **must publish** the source code of any **changed files** licensed under the MPL 2.0 under a) the MPL 2.0 itself or b) a compatible license (e.g. GPL 3.0 or Apache License 2.0) + * You **needn't publish** the source code of your library as long as the files licensed under the MPL 2.0 are **unchanged** + +Please read the [MPL 2.0 FAQ](http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/FAQ.html) if you have further questions regarding the license. + +You can read the full terms here: [LICENSE](https://raw.github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql/master/LICENSE) + +![Go Gopher and MySQL Dolphin](https://raw.github.com/wiki/go-sql-driver/mysql/go-mysql-driver_m.jpg "Golang Gopher transporting the MySQL Dolphin in a wheelbarrow") + |