// Copyright (c) 2016 Uber Technologies, Inc. // // Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy // of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal // in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights // to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell // copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is // furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: // // The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in // all copies or substantial portions of the Software. // // THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR // IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, // FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE // AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER // LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, // OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN // THE SOFTWARE. package zap import ( "fmt" "io/ioutil" "os" "runtime" "strings" "time" "go.uber.org/zap/zapcore" ) // A Logger provides fast, leveled, structured logging. All methods are safe // for concurrent use. // // The Logger is designed for contexts in which every microsecond and every // allocation matters, so its API intentionally favors performance and type // safety over brevity. For most applications, the SugaredLogger strikes a // better balance between performance and ergonomics. type Logger struct { core zapcore.Core development bool name string errorOutput zapcore.WriteSyncer addCaller bool addStack zapcore.LevelEnabler callerSkip int } // New constructs a new Logger from the provided zapcore.Core and Options. If // the passed zapcore.Core is nil, it falls back to using a no-op // implementation. // // This is the most flexible way to construct a Logger, but also the most // verbose. For typical use cases, the highly-opinionated presets // (NewProduction, NewDevelopment, and NewExample) or the Config struct are // more convenient. // // For sample code, see the package-level AdvancedConfiguration example. func New(core zapcore.Core, options ...Option) *Logger { if core == nil { return NewNop() } log := &Logger{ core: core, errorOutput: zapcore.Lock(os.Stderr), addStack: zapcore.FatalLevel + 1, } return log.WithOptions(options...) } // NewNop returns a no-op Logger. It never writes out logs or internal errors, // and it never runs user-defined hooks. // // Using WithOptions to replace the Core or error output of a no-op Logger can // re-enable logging. func NewNop() *Logger { return &Logger{ core: zapcore.NewNopCore(), errorOutput: zapcore.AddSync(ioutil.Discard), addStack: zapcore.FatalLevel + 1, } } // NewProduction builds a sensible production Logger that writes InfoLevel and // above logs to standard error as JSON. // // It's a shortcut for NewProductionConfig().Build(...Option). func NewProduction(options ...Option) (*Logger, error) { return NewProductionConfig().Build(options...) } // NewDevelopment builds a development Logger that writes DebugLevel and above // logs to standard error in a human-friendly format. // // It's a shortcut for NewDevelopmentConfig().Build(...Option). func NewDevelopment(options ...Option) (*Logger, error) { return NewDevelopmentConfig().Build(options...) } // NewExample builds a Logger that's designed for use in zap's testable // examples. It writes DebugLevel and above logs to standard out as JSON, but // omits the timestamp and calling function to keep example output // short and deterministic. func NewExample(options ...Option) *Logger { encoderCfg := zapcore.EncoderConfig{ MessageKey: "msg", LevelKey: "level", NameKey: "logger", EncodeLevel: zapcore.LowercaseLevelEncoder, EncodeTime: zapcore.ISO8601TimeEncoder, EncodeDuration: zapcore.StringDurationEncoder, } core := zapcore.NewCore(zapcore.NewJSONEncoder(encoderCfg), os.Stdout, DebugLevel) return New(core).WithOptions(options...) } // Sugar wraps the Logger to provide a more ergonomic, but slightly slower, // API. Sugaring a Logger is quite inexpensive, so it's reasonable for a // single application to use both Loggers and SugaredLoggers, converting // between them on the boundaries of performance-sensitive code. func (log *Logger) Sugar() *SugaredLogger { core := log.clone() core.callerSkip += 2 return &SugaredLogger{core} } // Named adds a new path segment to the logger's name. Segments are joined by // periods. By default, Loggers are unnamed. func (log *Logger) Named(s string) *Logger { if s == "" { return log } l := log.clone() if log.name == "" { l.name = s } else { l.name = strings.Join([]string{l.name, s}, ".") } return l } // WithOptions clones the current Logger, applies the supplied Options, and // returns the resulting Logger. It's safe to use concurrently. func (log *Logger) WithOptions(opts ...Option) *Logger { c := log.clone() for _, opt := range opts { opt.apply(c) } return c } // With creates a child logger and adds structured context to it. Fields added // to the child don't affect the parent, and vice versa. func (log *Logger) With(fields ...Field) *Logger { if len(fields) == 0 { return log } l := log.clone() l.core = l.core.With(fields) return l } // Check returns a CheckedEntry if logging a message at the specified level // is enabled. It's a completely optional optimization; in high-performance // applications, Check can help avoid allocating a slice to hold fields. func (log *Logger) Check(lvl zapcore.Level, msg string) *zapcore.CheckedEntry { return log.check(lvl, msg) } // Debug logs a message at DebugLevel. The message includes any fields passed // at the log site, as well as any fields accumulated on the logger. func (log *Logger) Debug(msg string, fields ...Field) { if ce := log.check(DebugLevel, msg); ce != nil { ce.Write(fields...) } } // Info logs a message at InfoLevel. The message includes any fields passed // at the log site, as well as any fields accumulated on the logger. func (log *Logger) Info(msg string, fields ...Field) { if ce := log.check(InfoLevel, msg); ce != nil { ce.Write(fields...) } } // Warn logs a message at WarnLevel. The message includes any fields passed // at the log site, as well as any fields accumulated on the logger. func (log *Logger) Warn(msg string, fields ...Field) { if ce := log.check(WarnLevel, msg); ce != nil { ce.Write(fields...) } } // Error logs a message at ErrorLevel. The message includes any fields passed // at the log site, as well as any fields accumulated on the logger. func (log *Logger) Error(msg string, fields ...Field) { if ce := log.check(ErrorLevel, msg); ce != nil { ce.Write(fields...) } } // DPanic logs a message at DPanicLevel. The message includes any fields // passed at the log site, as well as any fields accumulated on the logger. // // If the logger is in development mode, it then panics (DPanic means // "development panic"). This is useful for catching errors that are // recoverable, but shouldn't ever happen. func (log *Logger) DPanic(msg string, fields ...Field) { if ce := log.check(DPanicLevel, msg); ce != nil { ce.Write(fields...) } } // Panic logs a message at PanicLevel. The message includes any fields passed // at the log site, as well as any fields accumulated on the logger. // // The logger then panics, even if logging at PanicLevel is disabled. func (log *Logger) Panic(msg string, fields ...Field) { if ce := log.check(PanicLevel, msg); ce != nil { ce.Write(fields...) } } // Fatal logs a message at FatalLevel. The message includes any fields passed // at the log site, as well as any fields accumulated on the logger. // // The logger then calls os.Exit(1), even if logging at FatalLevel is // disabled. func (log *Logger) Fatal(msg string, fields ...Field) { if ce := log.check(FatalLevel, msg); ce != nil { ce.Write(fields...) } } // Sync calls the underlying Core's Sync method, flushing any buffered log // entries. Applications should take care to call Sync before exiting. func (log *Logger) Sync() error { return log.core.Sync() } // Core returns the Logger's underlying zapcore.Core. func (log *Logger) Core() zapcore.Core { return log.core } func (log *Logger) clone() *Logger { copy := *log return © } func (log *Logger) check(lvl zapcore.Level, msg string) *zapcore.CheckedEntry { // check must always be called directly by a method in the Logger interface // (e.g., Check, Info, Fatal). const callerSkipOffset = 2 // Create basic checked entry thru the core; this will be non-nil if the // log message will actually be written somewhere. ent := zapcore.Entry{ LoggerName: log.name, Time: time.Now(), Level: lvl, Message: msg, } ce := log.core.Check(ent, nil) willWrite := ce != nil // Set up any required terminal behavior. switch ent.Level { case zapcore.PanicLevel: ce = ce.Should(ent, zapcore.WriteThenPanic) case zapcore.FatalLevel: ce = ce.Should(ent, zapcore.WriteThenFatal) case zapcore.DPanicLevel: if log.development { ce = ce.Should(ent, zapcore.WriteThenPanic) } } // Only do further annotation if we're going to write this message; checked // entries that exist only for terminal behavior don't benefit from // annotation. if !willWrite { return ce } // Thread the error output through to the CheckedEntry. ce.ErrorOutput = log.errorOutput if log.addCaller { ce.Entry.Caller = zapcore.NewEntryCaller(runtime.Caller(log.callerSkip + callerSkipOffset)) if !ce.Entry.Caller.Defined { fmt.Fprintf(log.errorOutput, "%v Logger.check error: failed to get caller\n", time.Now().UTC()) log.errorOutput.Sync() } } if log.addStack.Enabled(ce.Entry.Level) { ce.Entry.Stack = Stack("").String } return ce }