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+Goals:
+
+- no unicode (for efficient escaping, sightliness)
+- efficient operations for ACE and collab (attributed text, etc.)
+- good for time-slider
+- good for API
+- line-ending aware
+X more coherent (deleting or styling text merging with insertion)
+- server-side syntax highlighting?
+- unify author map with attribute pool
+- unify attributed text with changeset rep
+- not: reversible
+- force final newline of document to be preserved
+
+- Unicode bad:
+  - ugly (hard to read)
+  - more complex to parse
+  - harder to store and transmit correctly
+  - doesn't save all that much space anyway
+  - blows up in size when string-escaped
+  - embarrassing for API
+
+
+# Attributes:
+
+An "attribute" is a (key,value) pair such as (author,abc123456) or
+(bold,true).  Sometimes an attribute is treated as an instruction to
+add that attribute, in which case an empty value means to remove it.
+So (bold,) removes the "bold" attribute.  Attributes are interned and
+given numeric IDs, so the number "6" could represent "(bold,true)",
+for example.  This mapping is stored in an attribute "pool" which may
+be shared by multiple changesets.
+
+Entries in the pool must be unique, so that attributes can be compared
+by their IDs.  Attribute names cannot contain commas.
+
+A changeset looks something like the following:
+
+Z:5g>1|5=2p=v*4*5+1$x
+
+With the corresponding pool containing these entries:
+
+...
+4 -> (author,1059348573)
+5 -> (bold,true)
+...
+
+This changeset, together with the pool, represents inserting
+a bold letter "x" into the middle of a line.  The string consists of:
+
+- a letter Z (the "magic character" and format version identifier)
+- a series of opcodes (punctuation) and numeric values in base 36 (the
+  alphanumerics)
+- a dollar sign ($)
+- a string of characters used by insertion operations (the "char bank")
+
+If we separate out the operations and convert the numbers to base 10, we get:
+
+Z :196 >1 |5=97 =31 *4 *5 +1 $"x"
+
+Here are descriptions of the operations, where capital letters are variables:
+
+":N" : Source text has length N (must be first op)
+">N" : Final text is N (positive) characters longer than source text (must be second op)
+"<N" : Final text is N (positive) characters shorter than source text (must be second op)
+">0" : Final text is same length as source text
+"+N" : Insert N characters from the bank, none of them newlines
+"-N" : Skip over (delete) N characters from the source text, none of them newlines
+"=N" : Keep N characters from the source text, none of them newlines
+"|L+N" : Insert N characters from the source text, containing L newlines.  The last
+         character inserted MUST be a newline, but not the (new) document's final newline.  
+"|L-N" : Delete N characters from the source text, containing L newlines. The last
+         character inserted MUST be a newline, but not the (old) document's final newline.
+"|L=N" : Keep N characters from the source text, containing L newlines.  The last character
+         kept MUST be a newline, and the final newline of the document is allowed.
+"*I"   : Apply attribute I from the pool to the following +, =, |+, or |= command.
+         In other words, any number of * ops can come before a +, =, or | but not
+	 between a | and the corresponding + or =.
+         If +, text is inserted having this attribute.  If =, text is kept but with
+	 the attribute applied as an attribute addition or removal.
+	 Consecutive attributes must be sorted lexically by (key,value) with key
+	 and value taken as strings.  It's illegal to have duplicate keys
+	 for (key,value) pairs that apply to the same text.  It's illegal to
+	 have an empty value for a key in the case of an insertion (+), the
+	 pair should just be omitted.
+
+Characters from the source text that aren't accounted for are assumed to be kept
+with the same attributes.
+
+Additional Constraints:
+
+- Consecutive +, -, and = ops of the same type that could be combined are not allowed.
+  Whether combination is possible depends on the attributes of the ops and whether
+  each is multiline or not.  For example, two multiline deletions can never be
+  consecutive, nor can any insertion come after a non-multiline insertion with the
+  same attributes.
+- "No-op" ops are not allowed, such as deleting 0 characters.  However, attribute
+  applications that don't have any effect are allowed.
+- Characters at the end of the source text cannot be explicitly kept with no changes;
+  if the change doesn't affect the last N characters, those "keep" ops must be left off.
+- In any consecutive sequence of insertions (+) and deletions (-) with no keeps (=),
+  the deletions must come before the insertions.
+- The document text before and after will always end with a newline.  This policy avoids
+  a lot of special-casing of the end of the document.  If a final newline is
+  always added when importing text and removed when exporting text, then the
+  changeset representation can be used to process text files that may or may not
+  have a final newline.
+
+Attribution string:
+
+An "attribution string" is a series of inserts with no deletions or keeps.
+For example, "*3+8|1+5" describes the attributes of a string of length 13,
+where the first 8 chars have attribute 3 and the next 5 chars have no
+attributes, with the last of these 5 chars being a newline.  Constraints
+apply similar to those affecting changesets, but the restriction about
+the final newline of the new document being added doesn't apply.
+
+Attributes in an attribution string cannot be empty, like "(bold,)", they should
+instead be absent.
+
+
+
+
+
+-------
+Considerations:
+
+- composing changesets/attributions with different pools
+- generalizing "applyToAttribution" to make "mutateAttributionLines" and "compose"